What role does calcium play in the human body?

Calcium plays a crucial role in the human body, primarily recognized for its function in building and maintaining strong bones and teeth. About 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the bones and teeth, where it provides structural support and strength. This mineral is vital for the development of bones during childhood and adolescence, helping to achieve optimal peak bone mass.

In addition to its role in bone health, calcium is also important for various physiological functions, including muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting. It ensures that muscles function properly, including the heart muscle, and facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses. The body's ability to maintain adequate levels of calcium is essential for overall health and can affect other mineral balances, particularly with regard to phosphorus and vitamin D, which aid in calcium absorption and utilization.

Thus, while calcium has several important roles, its primary significance lies in supporting the structural integrity of bones and teeth, making it critical for long-term skeletal health.